This course introduces the organizing principles of biology through a study of selected cellular, organismal, and ecological systems. Relevant topics are used to illustrate fundamental concepts. The course takes a thematic approach in which the chosen examples relate to a particular topic. The use of a theme topic highlights the interconnection of the various fields of biology and illustrates the complexity of relevant problems. Laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
Credit will not be granted to students who have received credit for BIOL 102 or 111.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces students to important biological concepts and approaches of study, and applies them to questions about sexual reproduction. Topics include: scientific inquiry, evolution, the central dogma of molecular biology, basic genetics and inheritance, development, behavioral ecology, and population growth. The course takes a decidedly comparative approach, utilizing information from many different species, including humans. Laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
Credit will not be granted to students who have received credit for BIOL 101 or 111.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A contemporary approach to the major themes of modern biology. Subcellular, cellular, genetic, and physiological aspects of biological systems are explored in the context of the scientific process. Laboratory is required.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the mechanisms of evolution and the vast diversity of life to which it gave rise. The characteristics that define different groups of organisms, and the evolutionary relationships among these groups are explored. Structure and function relationships are emphasized throughout the course. Laboratory is required. Some labs involve the dissection of plants, animals, and fungi. Some labs may involve the collection and sacrificing of zooplankton and insects as well as the handling of plant and animal parts obtained from a supermarket.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An introduction to the interactions of individuals in a population, populations in a community, and communities in ecosystems. Laboratories are designed to illustrate ecological principles and give experience in approaches and techniques of ecology. Experimental design, quantitative data analysis, and statistics are emphasized throughout the course.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112 or equivalent.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The structure, metabolism, and specialized activities of eukaryotic cells are the major lecture topics. Complementary laboratories focus on microscopy and biochemical techniques. Data analysis is highly emphasized throughout the course.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111, and CHEM 115 or 120, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces students to the principles of classical and modern genetics. The laboratory illustrates major concepts in genetics through directed inquiry experiments.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111 or 112, and one additional BIOL or CHEM course with lab (CHEM 110 or higher).
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

In this course, students will gain experience and reasoning skills in the biological sciences by focusing on a specific topic, theme, or sub-area of the discipline. Through classroom discussion, written work, and other forms of assessment, students will evaluate information and learn how the scientific process is applied in the context of the theme covered. Students will also make connections between the biological topic of study and society.

Prerequisites
One 100-level Biology course.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A study of growth, nutrition, and metabolism of the higher plants at the organismal, cellular, and molecular levels. Laboratory demonstrates data collection methodology, data analysis, and experimental design in plant physiology.

Prerequisites
BIOL 212 and one year of college chemistry; BIOL 112 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A study of function at the systems and cellular levels in a variety of animal forms with emphasis on fundamental physiological principles. Physiological adaptation to different habitats is also discussed. Laboratory involves application of various experimental techniques. Lab is required. Some labs require the dissection of earthworms, the use of crab blood, and may require the use of live tissue preparations.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111, 112, 212, one year of college chemistry, and one of the following: BIOL 211, BIOL 231, MATH 160, MATH 260, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course examines the production, transmission and reception of animal communication signals in different sensory modalities, including acoustic, visual, chemical, and short-range sensory modes. In addition, the course explores the evolution and function of such signals as mechanisms to transfer information and bias decision making. Throughout the semester, students draw upon theory from ecology, physiology and evolution, as well as the physical sciences and economics.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111 and 112; 211 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Microbiology is the biology of two of the three Domains of life (the bacteria, the archaea, and the viruses of both) as opposed to eukaryotic organisms. This course explores three aspects of microbiology - diversity, ecology, and interactions with other organisms (including pathogen/host relationships in medical microbiology and more mutualistic associations such as symbioses). A term paper exploring the natural history of a particular microbe or related topic is required for this course. The laboratory includes basic microbiological techniques, classic experiments, and introduces current paradigm shifts in microbiology, including sociomicrobiology, microbial genomics, quorum sensing, and biofilms. Student teams carry out and write a report on an independent lab project of their own design. Students also read and discuss "cutting edge" journal articles showcasing recent advances in microbiology, and present those papers to their peers.

Prerequisites
BIOL 212, one year of college chemistry, and CHEM 250.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course offers a study of the evolutionary history and functions of hormones across the tree of life with particular focus on animals and a secondary focus on plants. Hormones as mediators of growth, development, phenotype, behavior, reproduction, and epigenetic effects are covered and connected to relevant current events. The required laboratory introduces and applies a variety of relevant research techniques in a directed context to produce an original research result at the end of the course (which may lead to a published paper on which students are coauthors). The laboratory involves handling of insects.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111, 112, one year of college-level chemistry, and one of the following: BIOL 211, 212, 231, MATH 160 or MATH 260, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Evolution is fundamental to understanding the big why and how questions in biology. Beginning with the fundamentals of population genetics, this course explores a diverse array of topics such as speciation, mass extinctions, adaptive radiation, molecular evolution, systematics, disease, and conservation biology.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112; 211 and/or 213 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course deals with the structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and nucleic acids at the cellular and molecular levels. The course emphasizes both the interrelationships among major metabolic pathways, and how modern techniques are applied to study biomolecular structure and function. The course is suitable for students interested in health-related fields as well as those interested in broader applications. There is no laboratory associated with this course.

Prerequisites
BIOL 212, one year of college chemistry, and CHEM 250; BIOL 213 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the principles of physics applied to living systems. Topics include diffusion, hydrodynamics and the low Reynolds-number world, importance of entropy and free energy, entropic forces, molecular machines, membranes, and nerve impulses. Written and oral scientific communication is emphasized. This course is appropriate for junior or senior undergraduates in the sciences, particularly physics and biology. No specialized knowledge of biology or physics is expected, but a facility with algebraic manipulations and a working knowledge of calculus is needed.

Prerequisites
Math 180 and Physics 111 or 121; and either BIOL 212 or a 300-level course in Biology or Physics; or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Marine Invertebrate Zoology takes advantage of the rich marine biota of the Salish Sea to introduce students to the principles of animal organization and biodiversity. Emphasis is placed on homology and convergence, diversity and complexity, and is presented in a phylogenetic and ecological context through the study of form and function of living and preserved specimens. In addition to the basics of invertebrate anatomy, development, ecology and evolution, this course includes analysis of evolutionary changes and discussion of the fossil record. The course includes a laboratory component offering hands-on experience working with marine invertebrates from the DNA to the whole organism level.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112; BIOL 111 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces students to the principles and practical applications of bioinformatics in the analysis of genomic data. Students learn how to use bioinformatics software to evaluate and analyze genomic data to answer questions in molecular and evolutionary genetics.

Prerequisites
BIOL 213.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course focuses on biological concepts and techniques fundamental to the science of conservation biology. To understand mechanisms that drive the loss of biological diversity and approaches to address those threats, the course explores a variety of topics including extinction processes, population dynamics, population genetics, habitat fragmentation, invasive species, protected area design, and restoration ecology. The laboratory component involves field work, including a full weekend field trip, and quantitative computer simulations.

Prerequisites
BIOL 211 and Junior or Senior standing.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Contemporary theories on differentiation and descriptive patterns of development with emphasis on animals. The laboratory deals with a variety of invertebrates and vertebrates including some experiments with living materials. Alternative exercises are provided for students who prefer not to work with living animals.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111 and one year of college chemistry; BIOL 213 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is designed for juniors and seniors interested in learning more about the diversity, depth, and breadth of associations between organisms. Such associations and their study range from mutualism to parasitism, from viruses to cetaceans, from biochemical to ecological approaches. The first part of the course explores the history and paradigms in the study of symbioses, using specific case studies and journal articles. The second part of the course involves critical analysis of current peer reviewed journal articles by experts in the field, who will "tele-visit" the classroom to discuss their work with students. Finally, there are individual and group projects exploring a student-chosen specific association of particular interest. There is no laboratory associated with this course.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111, 212, and one year of college chemistry, or permission of instructor. BIOL 112 and 213 are recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is designed to introduce you to identifying plants, help you become familiar with the local plants, understand their systematic relationships, and understand their natural history as part of communities. As such, it is intended to be a hybrid between a plant systematics course, a plant identification course, and a plant natural history/ecology course. The lecture will cover concepts and theory; the lab will be devoted to hands-on identification and species recognition. Field trips will allow you to practice family and species recognition as well as to see some of the natural history discussed in lecture.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112 and 211.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A survey of the major groups of vertebrates with emphasis on evolution, adaptation, morphology, ecology, and behavior. Vertebrates of the varied habitats of the Pacific Northwest are studied in the lab and in the field. Laboratories may involve dissection of vertebrate animals.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112 or equivalent.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course examines the origin, speciation, diversity, ecology, behavior, and conservation of birds. The laboratory component will include field trips as well as draw from the Puget Sound Museum of Natural History's extensive bird collection for studies of avian taxonomy, identification, anatomy and physiology.

Prerequisites
BIOL 211.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

How are different organisms connected? What characteristics do we use to classify and explain these connections across time and space? What cultural values have been used to construct current ecological theory? In this course we will experiment with what theories of ecology and evolution we can build by considering different philosophical starting points. Readings will include biology primary literature, articles from other fields, and from narrative, cultural knowledge, and political thought --primarily from people Indigenous to the land currently known as North America. Laboratory work will heavily involve experimenting with and interpreting mathematical models of biology theory using R, and will also include the gathering of ecological data to use in our theoretical work.

Prerequisites
BIOL 211 or BIOL 360, or ENVP 253 and permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Molecular Biology focuses on the structure, organization, and regulation of genetic material at the molecular level. This course emphasizes modern analyses of genomes and transcriptomes while also introducing students to contemporary techniques used to manipulate gene expression or edit the genome.

Prerequisites
BIOL 212 and 213; one year of college chemistry. Senior standing recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an in-depth examination of major ecological fields, including ecophysiology, island biogeography, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology. Current ecological research is used to introduce major concepts and methods, foster critical thinking and discussion, and to introduce issues of experimental design and analysis and different approaches to ecology. This course enhances skills that are critical for ecologists including written and oral communication skills, quantitative and programming skills.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112 and 211.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An examination of the biology of nerve cells and nervous systems through lectures and discussion of recent research. Topics include cell biology of the neuron, synaptic interactions and the neural bases of learning and memory, the neural circuitry underlying behavior, and developmental neurobiology. Emphasis is placed on students' oral and written evaluations of scientific literature.

Prerequisites
BIOL 212, one year of college chemistry, junior or senior standing, and permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores how modern chemical and biochemical strategies are used to interrogate and manipulate biological systems. The course will focus on selected, recent developments in the field as described in review articles and the primary literature. Themes include modifying and expanding the genetic code, screening and selection of chemical and biological libraries, directed evolution and rational design in the production of new protein activities, molecular imaging and probes for spatial and temporal localization of biological activity, modification of biological systems to produce new products or new activities, and design and use of novel molecular effectors of biological systems. In addition to examining the science of chemical biology, the course will also explore the commercialization of chemical biology and the background and influence of key individuals involved in developing this hybrid discipline. The course will emphasize process, with students directly engaging with primary sources, collaboratively analyzing and discussing information obtained from those sources, selecting and investigating topics in chemical biology that interest them, presenting the results of their investigations to their peers, and reflecting upon the scientific, commercial, and social impacts of modern chemical biology. Cross-listed as BIOL/CHEM 465

Prerequisites
CHEM 251 and either BIOL 212 or 213. Instructor permission required.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides a survey of key concepts, theories and models in the field of Animal Behavior, integrating behavioral analyses into an explicitly evolutionary framework. Students discuss behaviors important to reproduction, such as selecting mates, and those important to survival, such as finding food and avoiding predators. For each of these contexts, students ask both 'proximate' and 'ultimate' questions. Proximate questions concern the mechanistic causes of behavior, including the genetic, hormonal, neural and environmental influences on the development and expression of behavior. Ultimate questions of behavior concern how behavior is shaped and constrained by ecology and evolutionary history. Students actively discuss modern theory, engage in observational and experimental study, and develop an innovative research proposal.

Prerequisites
BIOL 211.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Experiential Learning, Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The marine environment encompasses 99% of the Earth's biosphere and contains an incredible diversity of microbial, algal, and animal life forms. This course examines the biology of these organisms and the abiotic (e.g., salinity, nutrients, water currents and tides) and biotic factors (e.g., competition, predation, symbiosis) that influence their distribution and abundance. Specific topics include primary and secondary production, rocky intertidal biodiversity, estuaries, subtidal communities, coral reefs, pelagic and deep sea communities, impacts of humans on the ocean, and conservation. Lecture periods include discussions of primary literature and student presentations. Laboratory sessions involve field work, laboratory analyses, report writing, and multimedia presentation of project results.

Prerequisites
BIOL 112, and 211. ENVS 105 recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

In this introductory chemistry course, students learn and apply fundamental chemical modes of analysis to challenges presented by a changing climate. Modes of analysis include acid/base and buffer chemistry, oxidation/reduction reactions and the thermodynamics of combustion, principles underlying electrochemistry, and spectroscopy relevant to the greenhouse effect and photochemical reactions.

Prerequisites
Credit will not be granted to students who have received credit for another chemistry course equivalent to any course numbered CHEM 110 or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The first course in the general chemistry sequence. The topics include the discovery of the atom, the molecular basis for chemical behavior, gasses, and an introduction to thermodynamics.

Prerequisites
Credit will not be granted to students who have received credit for CHEM 115.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An accelerated general chemistry track designed for well-prepared students. Topics include nuclear chemistry, atomic structure, stoichiometry, bonding, intermolecular forces and phase changes, reactions, gases, inorganic chemistry, thermochemistry, thermodynamics, and kinetics.

Prerequisites
Successful completion of a rigorous high school chemistry program in the junior or senior year. Credit for CHEM 115 will not be granted to students who have received credit for CHEM 110.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The second course in the general chemistry sequence. Topics build on those introduced in CHEM 110, including more complex organic and inorganic structures, kinetics, equilibrium, acid and bases, and electrochemistry.

Prerequisites
CHEM 110. Credit for CHEM 120 will not be granted to students who have received credit for CHEM 230.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An accelerated second semester general chemistry course. Topics emphasize quantitative chemical analysis, the use of standards, kinetics, advanced equilibria, acids and bases, buffers, electrochemistry, and separation techniques.

Prerequisites
CHEM 115 or permission of instructor. Credit for CHEM 230 will not be granted to students who have received credit for CHEM 120 or 231.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course covers the basic chemistry of carbon-containing molecules. Modern principles of chemical bonding are used to develop an understanding of the structure of organic molecules and the reactivity of organic compounds. The laboratory portion of the course introduces the student to the various techniques involved in the isolation, identification, and synthesis of organic compounds. The laboratory parallels the course lectures so that there is a practical application of theoretical principles. Extensive use is made of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.

Prerequisites
CHEM 120 or 230 or equivalent.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is a continuation of the material covered in CHEM 250. The emphasis is on reaction mechanisms and on organic synthesis. The laboratory portion of the course allows students to gain significant experience in important synthetic skills and instrumental characterization techniques, and offers an opportunity to conduct original research.

Prerequisites
CHEM 250.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course focuses on the elements and their organization into the periodic table. Students examine the origin of the elements, the periodic and group relationships, and the role of the elements and their compounds in medicine, materials, and society. Much of the course material is directly drawn from the scientific literature.

Prerequisites
CHEM 251.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course will introduce students to a wide array of concepts in the interdisciplinary field of nanochemistry. It will begin with an in-depth look at the fundamentals of doing chemistry on small surfaces and how and why nanoscale materials differ greatly in properties from their bulk counterparts. The course will then examine the tools chemists use to characterize and analyze nanomaterials, followed by a survey of the synthesis and application of a variety of nanomaterials, from metal nanoparticles to carbon nanotubes. The course will culminate in two special topic sections, the nano-bio interface, which will look at nanomedicine and how nanomaterials interact in biological systems, and nanochemistry and the environment, which will examine how nanochemistry can lead to green energy solutions but will also probe the potential negative environmental impacts and implications.

Prerequisites
CHEM 251.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Introduction to basic theory and applications of modern instrumental methods of analysis. Includes an introduction to electronics, x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, Raman, mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry; atomic absorption and plasma emission; chromatography, thermal, and electrochemical methods.

Prerequisites
CHEM 230 or 231, and PHYS 122. CHEM 251 is strongly recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The course emphasizes the analytical process in making environmental chemistry measurements. An overview of methods used for the chemical analysis of air, soil, and water will be covered. Special attention is given to sampling, quality assurance, spectroscopic measurements and chromatographic separations with mass spectral determination. This course builds on the analysis techniques presented in the prerequisite courses and applies them to the specific challenges when dealing with complex environmental systems. This course has a laboratory component to give hands on experience to illustrate some of these analytical challenges. The lab meets during the regularly scheduled course periods. This class has field trips to local and state laboratories and environmental facilities.

Prerequisites
CHEM 230 or 231, and 250.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces analytical techniques and instrumental methods that are commonly used to character biological systems. Techniques surveyed may include chromatography, mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, NMR, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. The course focuses on applications of these methods to a specific system or research area, which may vary from year to year, e.g. lipid membrane, toxicology, proteomics, etc. This course does not require but is complimentary to CHEM 330 and CHEM 460.

Prerequisites
CHEM 250 and CHEM 230 or 231 or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Chemical thermodynamics and its applications to macroscopic systems. Analysis of microscopic properties of atoms and molecules using kinetic molecular theory with emphasis on Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution functions.

Prerequisites
CHEM 230 or 231, MATH 181, PHYS 121. MATH 280 is strongly recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Introduction to quantum mechanics with applications to molecular spectroscopy. Statistical thermodynamics linking microscopic and macroscopic chemical behavior. Laboratory experiments emphasize fundamental instrumentation and theory associated with physical chemistry.

Prerequisites
CHEM 230 or 231, MATH 280.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores methods and strategies that are used in the analysis and synthesis of moderately complex organic molecules. The first part of the course focuses on the use of advanced spectroscopic techniques (with a particular emphasis on 2D NMR techniques) in structure determination. The second part of the course focuses on the use of modern synthetic methods in organic synthesis, with emphasis on the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and the control of stereochemistry. These methods are applied to the synthesis of natural products through application of retrosynthetic analysis.

Prerequisites
CHEM 251.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course emphasizes the synthesis, characterization, and properties of organic materials. In particular, the focus is on the impact of structural changes upon macroscopic properties (mechanical strength, optical behavior, etc.). The first part of the course focuses on polymer science and draws heavily on students' knowledge of synthetic and mechanistic organic chemistry. The second part of the course emphasizes liquid crystals and other related materials. Specific applications of materials to areas such as microlithography (patterning of computer chips), liquid crystal displays, and drug delivery are discussed, with many examples coming from the primary literature.

Prerequisites
CHEM 251.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the science of food and cooking. Topics include flavor, physical properties, nutrition, cooking methods, and reactions. In-class demonstrations and hands-on experiments allow for a tactile and sensory experience. Modern issues in food are discussed, including organic farms, GMO food, and the science behind recent dietary fads. Optional field trips occur throughout the semester.

Prerequisites
CHEM 230/231 and CHEM 251, and instructor permission.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Intermolecular interactions drive the function of all biological processes, and protein interactions often are the focus of drug discovery and development efforts. This course explores the interactions of biological macromolecules such as proteins, beginning with fundamental chemical concepts underlying these noncovalent interactions. The course also explores examples of important drug target protein structures, and molecular docking tools for making predictions about the binding of drug-like molecular inhibitors. The second part of the course explores literature topics and student projects utilizing protein structure tools.

Prerequisites
CHEM 250 or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course presents both theoretical and descriptive concepts related to inorganic chemical compounds including periodic relationships, structure and bonding, molecular symmetry, acid base chemistry, electrochemistry, and inorganic reaction mechanisms. Laboratory experiments illustrate common synthetic and characterization processes for inorganic compounds. These concepts and techniques are brought together through the topics of coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, and solid-state chemistry.

Prerequisites
MATH 181 or MATH 280, CHEM 230 or 231, CHEM 340, PHYS 122.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course applies concepts of physical chemistry to the study of biological processes. The topics covered include protein and nucleic structure and stability, thermodynamics of protein folding, enzyme kinetics and instrumental techniques such x-ray crystallography, NMR and mass spectrometry.

Prerequisites
CHEM 230 or 231, CHEM 251, and permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the chemistry of various metabolic processes including glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport, fatty acid and amino acid synthesis and degradation, DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis and processing, and protein synthesis and processing. Particular attention is paid to the experimental approaches that have provided information about these processes.

Prerequisites
CHEM 460 and BIOL 361 redundant.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores how modern chemical and biochemical strategies are used to interrogate and manipulate biological systems. The course will focus on selected, recent developments in the field as described in review articles and the primary literature. Themes include modifying and expanding the genetic code, screening and selection of chemical and biological libraries, directed evolution and rational design in the production of new protein activities, molecular imaging and probes for spatial and temporal localization of biological activity, modification of biological systems to produce new products or new activities, and design and use of novel molecular effectors of biological systems. In addition to examining the science of chemical biology, the course will also explore the commercialization of chemical biology and the background and influence of key individuals involved in developing this hybrid discipline. The course will emphasize process, with students directly engaging with primary sources, collaboratively analyzing and discussing information obtained from those sources, selecting and investigating topics in chemical biology that interest them, presenting the results of their investigations to their peers, and reflecting upon the scientific, commercial, and social impacts of modern chemical biology. Cross-listed as BIOL/CHEM 465

Prerequisites
CHEM 251 and either BIOL 212 or 213. Instructor permission required.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is an introduction to computer science and programming intended for students in the natural sciences. The emphasis is on problems that might come up in a modern research laboratory. Assignments and exercises are done in Python programming language, which is favored by many natural scientists. The course teaches how to maintain an electronic notebook of calculations, to complement the traditional lab notebook. There is also a focus on standard data structures and good programming techniques, giving the student a solid grounding in modern programming techniques.

Prerequisites
MATH 110 or three years of high school math required. Students who received credit for CSCI 161 or 261 will not receive credit for CSCI 141.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is an introduction to computer science and programming. The programming language Java is used to illustrate concepts in computer science. The course emphasizes the use of the computer as a problem-solving tool and the development of good programming style. CSCI 161 is the introductory course for students planning to major or minor in computer science. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
Three years of high-school mathematics, MATH 110, or equivalent.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Students study the design and implementation of large software systems. Topics include design methodologies, programming team organization, and management, program verification and maintenance, design patterns and software engineering tools.

Prerequisites
CSCI 261 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is a continuation of CSCI 161. It provides an introduction to the study of fundamental data structures and their associated algorithms. Students learn how to choose appropriate data structures and algorithms for particular problems. They learn about lists, stacks, queues, trees, sorting, searching, abstract data types, and object-oriented programming using an object-oriented programming language. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
CSCI 161 with C- or higher grade, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Introduction to machine organization, machine structure, data representation, digital logic, and assembly language programming on a RISC based architecture.

Prerequisites
CSCI 261 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Declarative programming languages are an important alternative to languages (such as C, C++, and Java) that use the more familiar imperative programming paradigm. This course introduces the functional and logic programming paradigms in depth through assignments in the programming languages Haskell and Prolog. These languages are based on models of computation that are fundamentally different from the von Neumann model underlying imperative programming languages, and exposure to these new paradigms provides valuable perspective on programming and problem solving in general.

Prerequisites
CSCI 261 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Students learn about numerical solutions to linear systems; numerical linear algebra, polynomial approximations (interpolation and extrapolation); numerical differentiation and integration. Students also learn about error analysis and how to select appropriate algorithms for specific problems.

Prerequisites
MATH 280, 290, and CSCI 161 or equivalent. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is an introduction to the process of generating images with a computer. The emphasis is on the design and use of graphical facilities for two- and three-dimensional graphics. Students study the mathematical theory underlying computer generated graphics, and will implement programs utilizing these techniques. The mathematical topics covered include rotations, translations, and perspective. The core pieces of the graphics pipeline used in current graphics hardware are studied.

Prerequisites
CSCI 261 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Computer networks have become a fundamental part of our everyday lives, used for everything from social networking to research and commerce. This course introduces the concepts behind modern computer networks and their implementation. It covers the software and hardware architecture of the internet, networking protocols like TCP and IP, how services like Email and the Web work, approaches for reliable and secure communication, and the details of both wired and wireless transmission. Programming exercises reinforce key concepts from the course.

Prerequisites
CSCI 240 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is about how to find the best - or at least good - solutions to large problems frequently arising in business, industrial, or scientific settings. Students learn how to model these problems mathematically, algorithms for finding solutions to them, and the theory behind why the algorithms work. Topics include the simplex method, duality theory, sensitivity analysis, and network models. The focus is on linear models and models with combinatorial structure, but some nonlinear models are considered as well. Optimization software is used frequently.

Prerequisites
MATH 280, 290, and CSCI 161 or equivalent. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This is a course in advanced data structures, the algorithms needed to manipulate these data structures, proofs that the algorithms are correct, and a runtime analysis of the algorithms. Students study advanced data structures such as Red-Black Trees, 2-3 Trees, Heaps, and Graphs. Students also study algorithm design techniques including Greedy Algorithms, Divide and Conquer, Dynamic Programming, and Backtracking. They also learn about NP-Complete problems.

Prerequisites
CSCI 261, 281 (may be taken concurrently), and MATH 210. In lieu of MATH 210, students may take MATH 290 with a grade of C or better, and a 300-level or 400-level mathematics course from List B with a grade of C or better.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An introduction to formal models of computers and computation. Topics include formal languages and automata theory, computability, decidability, and Church's Thesis.

Prerequisites
CSCI 361 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The topics are chosen each time the course is offered to meet the interests of students and instructors. Possible topics include computer architecture, computer modeling and simulation, networks, advanced graphics, and advanced artificial intelligence.

Prerequisites
CSCI 361 with a grade of C- or higher, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces the student to the techniques of artificial intelligence. Students learn strategies for uninformed and informed (heuristic) search, knowledge representation, problem-solving, and machine learning. Additional topics may include motion planning, probabilistic reasoning, natural language understanding, and philosophical implications.

Prerequisites
MATH 180 and CSCI 361 (may be taken concurrently) with a grade of C- or higher, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The senior capstone course provides computer science majors the opportunity to integrate the knowledge that they have gained from across the curriculum. Students are encouraged to work in teams, and can pursue either an applied or theory project. Students choosing applied projects participate in the identification of a problem, develop a project proposal outlining an approach to the problem's solution, implement the proposed solution, and test or evaluate the result. Students choosing a theory project conduct original research (e.g., develop a new algorithm) and evaluate its strengths and limitations. Regardless of the choice of project, students document their work in the form of written reports and oral presentations.

Prerequisites
Senior class standing, CSCI 240, CSCI 361, or permission of instructor. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The management of data is one of the classical problems throughout the history of computing. This course centers around the fundamental concepts and theory that underpin the relational data model, which addresses numerous problems that plague data management, including data independence, consistency, information loss, and access performance. Course topics include the relational data model, database languages (e.g., SQL), relational database theory, database design (by decomposition), query execution, and considerations that affect system performance. Students design database schemas that effectively model an organization's information requirements and write programs that require database integration. Students also gain insight through the analysis and implementation of influential data structures and algorithms that are commonly used in modern relational database systems.

Prerequisites
CSCI 261 and MATH 210 or permission of instructor. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A practical computer software development experience to incorporate topics learned in advanced computer science courses with the tools and techniques for software development studied in the software engineering class. Students may enroll in either the one-semester, one-unit 460 or the two-semester, 0.5 unit per semester sequence, but not both.

Prerequisites
CSCI 240, with at least one upper-division computer science course in an area related to the project. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

One the most complex software systems ever assembled, the modern operating system serves as the interface between the human and the machine. This course traces how the simple idea of ``resource sharing'' unravels into some of the most confounding problems and original breakthroughs in computer science. Course topics include process and thread management, input/output, CPU scheduling, synchronization primitives, memory management, and file systems. Students taking this course learn how to deal with the intricacies of low-level programming, parallel computing and synchronization problems, and also receive kernel-development experience through the design and implementation of various subsystems in a real operating system. The C programming language is used for homework assignments and projects.

Prerequisites
CSCI 281 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Compilers take input programs written in a high-level language and generate equivalent programs in a low-level language. This course introduces the mathematical tools (formal languages and automata) necessary for recognizing and validating input programs and the computational techniques used to construct equivalent output programs. Students develop first-hand experience with the process by implementing a sample compiler as a course project. The tools and techniques introduced in this course can be applied across a wide range of applications. In particular, this course is valuable preparation for writing any program that needs to read and act on structured input files.

Prerequisites
CSCI 240, 361 and 281. CSCI 370 is recommended. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Physical geology is a survey of the physical processes operating on and in the earth and the results of these processes through time. Topics covered range in scale from the atomic to the galactic. The formation of the minerals and lavas, types of volcanoes, and the creation of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks make up the first third of the course; this introduces the materials of the earth. The course next covers large-scale topics such as the age of the earth, earthquakes and their resultant damage, how continents and seafloors are created, a brief history of the world, and an outline of the great unifying theory of geology, plate tectonics. The last third of the course discusses how surface processes such as streams, wind, waves and changes in the environment affect the deserts, glaciers, shorelines, and groundwater, and how these changes affect our way of life. Includes a laboratory.

Prerequisites
Credit will not be granted to students who have received credit for GEOL 104.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Earth is largely a "water planet" - the only planet we know of that has liquid water on its surface. Oceanography has developed from early mythological explanations of the present use of high technology to study their features and workings. The oceans played an integral role in the exploration of Earth and the spread of humankind across the planet, as well as being a continuing source of food and other resources. In the Puget Sound region, we feel the effects of the nearby ocean daily, from the weather we have to food we eat. This course investigates the origins and nature of Earth's oceans. It looks at processes acting within the oceans (tides, currents, waves), interaction of the oceans, atmosphere, and continents, and the effects of these processes on life on Earth, including humans in the northwestern U.S. These facets are studied in the "big picture" context of the Earth as an integrated system in which each process affects the others. A portion of the lab time is devoted to measurement of the properties of oceanic and crustal material, some of which are collected locally from Puget Sound. Other labs are used to familiarize students with maps, charts, and other information sources. Emphasis is placed on making inferences about Earth systems from data gleaned from students' own measurements and other sources.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course examines the wide variety of geologic, physical, chemical, and biologic evidence for the nature, duration, timing, and causes of climate change throughout the long history of our planet. In general, the course proceeds chronologically through geologic time. As the course approaches the modern world, students examine the paleoclimate record in progressively greater detail, and consider increasingly complex explanations for the patterns seen. This course also examines the complex interactions between the development of modern human societies and global climate, and considers some projections of climate change and its effects on our planet in the next few decades.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) comprises a complex system of tools that facilitate the collection, display and analysis of geospatial (location-based) data. A GIS is effective in supporting work across the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. Specific applications include environmental sciences, public health, urban planning, conservation biology, geology, digital humanities, military and education, and continues to increase as technology advances. This course is designed for students who have little or no experience with GIS and want to gain an understanding of the technology. In this course, students gain a deeper understanding of the core concepts of the field and learn how to apply them in specialized areas of study. This course will use ArcGIS for Desktop software and include an introduction to ArcGIS Online tools to support project-based exercises in a hands-on lab environment. No previous experience with GIS is required.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The origin, texture, composition, classification, and interpretation of sediments and sedimentary rocks. The various methods for studying these materials in the field and laboratory are emphasized. A portion of the course is devoted to the main groups of microscopic fossils that occur as components of many sedimentary rocks.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Detailed study of agents, processes, and products involved in landscape development and water movement at the Earth's surface. Special emphasis is on the effect of the Pleistocene (Ice Age) climate on landforms.

Prerequisites
Any two of ENVS 101, ENVS 105, and ENVS 140.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The principles, methods, and materials of stratigraphy and paleontology used to interpret the physical and biological history of the Earth. Emphasizes the classification, correlation, interrelationships, and interpretation of rock strata and of the various types of fossils that occur in these rocks.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course investigates how life on earth has changed through time as recorded in the fossil record. It includes a survey of major invertebrate and vertebrate fossil groups, with emphasis on paleoecological pattern and process, and reconstruction of paleoenvironments.

Prerequisites
Any one of the following: ENVS 101, 140; BIOL 111, 112.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

In this course students learn a variety of techniques that are used to locate, describe, and document features in the field. Specific topics may include navigating with topographic maps and GPS, sketching features relating to scientific endeavors, recognizing and interpreting features on topographic maps, aerial photos and lidar images, and working with ArcGIS to produce a variety of different types of maps. All-day field trips on Saturdays and/or Sundays may be required.

Prerequisites
Any one of the following: ENVS 101; BIOL 101, 112; CHEM 110, 115 or instructor permission.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course examines the physical, chemical, and geologic processes that determine the distribution, movement, and nature of freshwater resources (rivers, lakes, wetlands, and groundwater). The course pays particular attention to issues of water supply and quality in North America. Lab and field exercises introduce the fundamentals of measuring and modeling river and groundwater flow; field trips to several dams and reservoirs in Washington illustrate some of the ways that surface water resources are utilized.

Prerequisites
Any one of BIOL 111, 112, CHEM 110, 115, 120, 230, ENVS 101, 140.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The Pacific Northwest is at the forefront of the fastest energy transition in human history with its move away from fossil fuels and development of wind, solar, hydro, nuclear and energy storage technologies. The lab requirement for this class is met with field experiences along the Columbia Plateau during the first part of spring break that engages students with the innerworkings of energy facilities, environmental professionals and other groups and individuals navigating the alternative energy transition. This class examines the life cycle impacts of conventional and alternative energy technologies along with the historic political, economic, scientific and social precursors to the current state of energy supply and use in the U.S. Students will learn how the current supply and demand of U.S. energy relates to climate change and analyze how policies at the local, state and national level are likely to affect climate impacts. Students develop leadership and interpersonal skills in a fun and challenging experiential setting by integrating academic goals and community interactions with camping and outdoor activities.

Prerequisites
ENVP 200 or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Experiential Learning, Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an introduction to the study of a variety of the Earth's natural resources, and the environmental impacts of their extraction and use. The course focuses on the origin of different types of resources including metallic and non-metallic mineral deposits, and building stone. A discussion/lab session is scheduled for in-class activities, labs and field trips. Course readings center around case studies from the primary scientific literature.

Prerequisites
ENVP 200 or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an introduction to the ways in which chemical principles are used to study geological and environmental processes. The emphasis is on low-temperature processes that influence the chemistry of water, sediment, and soil. Specific topics include aqueous solutions, thermodynamics, mineral-water equilibria, oxidation-reduction reactions, adsorption-desorption processes, and applications of radiogenic and stable isotopes. The laboratory component of the course is field-based and involves sampling and analysis of water and sediment from around Tacoma.

Prerequisites
ENVS 101 or 140, and CHEM 110, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A broad review of quantitative and qualitative biogeochemical methods used in the study of environmental science. The course will focus on isotopic and elemental analyses of geological and biological materials with applications to a range of questions. Examples include; energy flow, nutrient cycling, animal migration, and paleoceanographic conditions. The course readings will draw heavily upon case studies from the primary scientific literature.

Prerequisites
Any one of BIOL 111, 112, CHEM 110, 115, 120, 230, ENVS 101, 140.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course focuses on one of several geologic provinces in North America in the most direct manner possible - in the field. After an initial lecture orientation, the class explores the rocks, land forms, structures, and fossils first hand. Students learn to make their own observations and interpretations along the way. Each student becomes an expert in the geology of a selected area and makes in-field presentations to the rest of the class, as well as compiling a field notebook of the features that the class examines. Trips include the Colorado Plateau, the Death Valley region, and the Pacific Northwest.

Prerequisites
Permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course examines the wide variety of geologic, physical, chemical, and biologic evidence for the nature, duration, timing, and causes of climate change throughout the long history of our planet. In general, the course proceeds chronologically through geologic time. As the course approaches the modern world, students examine the paleoclimate record in progressively greater detail, and consider increasingly complex explanations for the patterns seen. Because of the great breadth (interdisciplinary range) and great depth (wide range of time periods) of the topics considered, students use a wide range of sources, including semi-popular articles, textbooks, and primary literature. The lab focuses on examining a variety of primary sources of paleoclimatic information and techniques of data analysis, such as tree rings, pollen, and stable isotopes.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides a laboratory or field research experience for juniors or seniors under the direction of a faculty mentor. Students may initiate a project or join a research project in the mentor's lab. Students must complete an agreement listing research activity to be completed, references, and a progress plan that will result in a written report and a presentation.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Research and preparation of a senior thesis under the supervision of a faculty member. Public presentation of research results is required.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces students to the components of exercise science research including data collection and analysis skills. Health-related physical fitness is evaluated by students conducting fitness tests on one another. Students apply statistical procedures to these datasets to explore and answer questions pertaining to physical fitness measurement and evaluation. Lab writing skills are also developed in preparation for subsequent courses in the major. Additional topics include ethics pertaining to conducting human research, experimental design, and exploration of student interest within the major.

Prerequisites
MATH 160 with a grade of C or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course studies the functions of the different human systems including endocrine, muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, and others.

Prerequisites
CHEM 110 or 115, and EXSC 222, all with grades of C or higher, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course presents a systemic approach to studying the structure of the human body, including the skeletal, muscular, integumentary, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and endocrine systems. Laboratory sessions reinforce content learned in lecture, including manipulation of anatomical models complemented by observation of dissected human cadavers. Descriptions of important structure-function relationships are also integrated throughout the course.

Prerequisites
BIOL 111 with a grade of C or higher, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides students with the basic concepts of nutrition and exercise as they relate to health and the prevention of disease. The functions of the six essential nutrients are explored in detail with attention to their roles in metabolism, optimal health, and chronic diseases. The energy values of food and physical activity are quantified while undertaking an in-depth case study and written analysis of dietary intake and physical activity. Students read scientific literature, develop informed opinions, and debate controversial issues such as organically grown and genetically modified foods, and dietary supplements. Other potential topics include nutrition and dieting fads, advertising, weight control and obesity epidemic, sport nutrition, menu planning, and nutritional needs throughout the life cycle.

Prerequisites
BIOL 101 or 111 with a grade of C or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the structural, cellular, and molecular changes that occur in skeletal muscle in response to changes in activity, injury, or experimental manipulation. A survey of the nervous system and sensorimotor control set the stage for an exploration of topics such as neuromuscular activation and neuromotor control, neuromuscular fatigue, endurance and strength training adaptations of the nervous system, and the neuromuscular responses to increased and decreased activity.

Prerequisites
EXSC 221 and 222, or permission of instructor. NRSC 201 is recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the body's acute responses and long-term adaptations to various modes and intensities of exercise. Students focus on understanding how the body's metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular, and endocrine systems respond to the physiological stress of exercise and training. Laboratory topics include assessment of metabolic rate, cardiorespiratory fitness, ventilatory threshold, and anaerobic power. The impact of physical activity on select clinical populations is also considered.

Prerequisites
EXSC 200, 221, and 222, each with a grade of C or higher, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This seminar reviews the requirements for energy macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and fluid intake as well as basic principles of digestion and absorption. The regulations on the sale of dietary supplements in the US are discussed and debated. The specific ergogenic aids covered in the course are determined by the interests of the students in consultation with the instructor. Groups of two or three students work together to locate, select, and lead discussion/presentations of primary research studies that address their topics of interest. Each student also designs a diet plan for a specific athlete and presents the plan to the class.

Prerequisites
EXSC 301 and 329, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This class is a writing-intensive experience that will expose students to several different types of written assignments commonly completed in the scientific community. The writing includes an application for approval from the Institutional Review Board, a grant proposal, an article written from provided data, and a poster presentation. Both peers and faculty review the written submissions. Each student will present their results in a poster format.

Prerequisites
At least two of the following: EXSC 301, 328, 329, 336, or concurrent enrollment; junior or senior standing or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course involves the study of human movement using both a qualitative and quantitative approach. The anatomical structures involved in simple and complex movements will be explored. The principles of mechanics are then applied to the study of human motion to provide an understanding of the internal and external forces acting on the body during human movement. Students will be exposed to a variety of biomechanical instruments and use them to describe and evaluate human movement.

Prerequisites
EXSC 200, 222, and PHYS 111, all with a grade of C or higher, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course examines the impact of various environmental stressors on human physiology, particularly as it relates to the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems during exercise. Topics include acute and/or chronic exposure to heat, cold, high altitude, and hyperbaria, as well as additional topics of student interest. The interaction of environmental stressors with clinical conditions is also explored. Students learn new physiological principles in order to understand and discuss scholarly articles on each topic.

Prerequisites
EXSC 329 or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms related to neuroplasticity. Topics such as Alzheimer's, stroke, Parkinson's, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, aging, spinal cord injury, and others will be discussed. Up-to-date molecular and cellular findings from the topics listed above and their effects on our understanding of neuroplasticity and/or neurorehabilitation will be explored.

Prerequisites
EXSC 221 and 222, or permission of instructor. NRSC 201 is recommended.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is structured to the expertise and research interests of the professor. Each topic is unique and encompasses a current issue in the field of exercise science.

Prerequisites
At least two of the following: EXSC 301, 328, 329, 336, or concurrent enrollment; junior or senior standing or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course will focus on designing programs intended to improve performance or quality of life with special populations. Students engage in a semester-long project designing a complete program for a specific client. The student may choose an elite athlete or disease model intended to improve performance or health. A background in nutrition, exercise physiology, biomechanics and neuroscience will help lay the foundation for a well rounded program intended to address all aspects of the individual. Diet, agility, balance, strength, aerobic, anaerobic training, as well as the combination of training effects will be explored. Contraindications to exercise will also be examined as they relate to health.

Prerequisites
At least two of the following: EXSC 301, 328, 329, 336, or concurrent enrollment; junior or senior standing or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is designed to study the mechanical bases of musculoskeletal injury, to better understand the mechanisms that seem to cause injury, the effect injury has on the musculoskeletal structures, and hopefully, to study how injury may be prevented. Different approaches for studying injury biomechanics will be explored with the students responsible for leading these discussions. Students will research a specific injury condition and present their findings to the class.

Prerequisites
EXSC 336.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Students work in small collaborations to identify a relevant scientific question, research the literature, and design and complete a research thesis written in the format of a journal style manuscript. The specific topic(s) of the course vary by semester based upon the research expertise of the faculty instructor assigned to the course, and may include topics in either biomechanics, neuromuscular adaptation, exercise physiology, or nutrition. Lecture sessions focus on primary research within the expertise of the faculty instructor and students participate by leading and taking part in lectures and discussions. Laboratory experiences include reviewing techniques from prerequisite courses and acquiring new skills required to propose and conduct original research, and present results in oral and written formats.

Prerequisites
EXSC 301, 328, 329, and 336 or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Experimental research is performed under the guidance and in the area of expertise of a faculty member that may include specialized topics in kinesiology/biomechanics, exercise physiology, nutrition and physical activity. Students must write a proposal that is approved by the department and the Institutional Review Board, carry out the research, write the thesis, and orally defend it at a research symposium. Application details can be obtained from the faculty research advisor or department chair.

Prerequisites
Junior or senior standing, 2.5 GPA, and permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an introduction to contemporary mathematics and its applications. It may include topics from statistics, management science, social choice, and the geometry of size and shape. These topics are chosen for their basic mathematical importance and for the critical role their application plays in a person's economic, political, and personal life. This course is designed to be accessible even to students with a minimal background in mathematics. This course is not designed to prepare students for further work in mathematics. No credit will be given for MATH 103 if the student has prior credit for another mathematics course that is equivalent to any of our courses numbered MATH 110 or higher. Unlike most other introductory mathematics classes, this course is not a requirement for any currently offered major. Therefore, students are advised not to take this class before deciding on a major.

Prerequisites
One year of high school mathematics. No credit will be given for MATH 103 if the student has prior credit for another mathematics course that is equivalent to any course numbered MATH 110 or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course presents the basic concepts of algebra and trigonometry needed for future courses in mathematics, science, business, or the behavioral and social sciences. It includes a review of elementary algebra and an introduction to algebraic functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, and trigonometric functions.

Prerequisites
Three years of high school mathematics.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An introduction to areas of applied math that use the skills of first year algebra. There are many topics that could be covered: Linear Systems, Matrix Theory, Linear Programming, Counting and Probability, Game Theory, Markov Processes, Finance Models, Graph Theory. The specific topics covered are at the discretion of the professor and can be tailored to the backgrounds of the students. This course contains topics of particular interest to students studying business or business-related topics. It is an excellent choice for those students who are also seeking a minor in mathematics.

Prerequisites
Three years of high school mathematics.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an introduction to statistics, concentrating on statistical concepts and the "why and when" of statistical methodology. The course focuses on learning to ask appropriate questions, collect data effectively, summarize and interpret information, and understand the limitations of statistical inference.

Students with Advanced Placement credit for MATH 160 should consider enrolling in MATH 260 instead.

Prerequisites
Three years of high school mathematics.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course takes a problem-solving approach to the concepts and techniques of single variable differential calculus, with an introduction to multivariate topics. Applications are selected primarily from business and the behavioral and social sciences.

Prerequisites
Three years of high school mathematics. Students will not receive credit for MATH 170 if they have already received credit for MATH 180, 181, or 280, without prior permission of the department.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Single-variable calculus has two main aspects: differentiation and integration. This course focuses on differentiation starting with limits and continuity, then introduces the derivative and applications of the derivative in a variety of contexts. The course concludes with an introduction to integration. The central ideas are explored from the symbolic, graphical, numerical, and physical model points of view.

Prerequisites
MATH 110 or equivalent with C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is a continuation of MATH 180. It focuses on integration and its relation to differentiation. Topics include definite integrals, antiderivatives, the Fundamental Theorems of Calculus, applications of integration, sequences, and series. The central ideas are explored from the symbolic, graphical, numerical, and physical model points of view.

Prerequisites
MATH 180 with a grade of C- or higher, or its equivalent.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an introduction to the mathematics underlying computer science. Topics include a review of basic set theory, logic (propositional and predicate), theorem proving techniques, logic as a method for representing information, equivalence relations, induction, combinatorics, and graph theory, and possibly formal languages and automata.

Prerequisites
CSCI 161 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course covers the fundamentals of conducting statistical analyses, with particular emphasis on regression analysis and linear models. Students learn to use sophisticated computer software as a tool to analyze and interpret data.

Prerequisites
MATH 160, MATH 181, PSYC 201, Advanced Placement Statistics, or the equivalent of one of these.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course, a continuation of the calculus sequence that starts with MATH 180 and 181, is an introduction to the study of functions that have several variable inputs and/or outputs. The central ideas involving these functions are explored from the symbolic, the graphical, and the numerical points of view. Visualization and approximation, as well as local linearity continue as key themes in the course. Topics include vectors and the basic analytic geometry of three-space; the differential calculus of scalar-input, vector-output functions; the geometry of curves and surfaces; and the differential and integral calculus of vector-input, scalar-output functions.

Prerequisites
MATH 181 or its equivalent with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is a study of the basic concepts of linear algebra and their applications. Students will explore systems of linear equations, matrices, vector spaces, bases, dimension, linear transformations, determinants, eigenvalues, change of basis, and matrix representations of linear transformations.

Prerequisites
MATH 180, 181 or 280 with a grade of C- or higher, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course covers the fundamentals of theoretical mathematics with a particular focus on writing clear and rigorous mathematical proofs. The course introduces mathematical logic, set theory, function theory, equivalence relations, cardinality, and the Axiom of Choice. It also exposes students to a variety of subfields of theoretical mathematics, which may include abstract algebra, real analysis, topology, number theory, and/or combinatorics. Throughout the course, students learn standard mathematical writing conventions and proof techniques such as direct proofs, proof by contradiction, and mathematical induction. After completing this course, students will have the foundations to take other theoretical mathematics courses and will have a better understanding of the different fields of mathematics. This course is a prerequisite for all other courses in the department that focus on theoretical mathematics.

Prerequisites
MATH 180, 181 or 280 with a grade of C- or higher, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are first introduced in the calculus sequence. This course provides a deeper look at the theory of ODEs and the use of ODEs in modeling real-world phenomena. The course includes studies of first order ODEs (both linear and nonlinear), second and higher order linear ODEs, and first order systems of ODEs (both linear and nonlinear). Existence and uniqueness of solutions is discussed in each setting. Most topics are viewed from a variety of perspectives including graphical, numerical, and symbolic. Tools and concepts from linear algebra are used throughout the course. Other topics that may be covered include series solutions, difference equations, and dynamical systems.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 and 290 or permission of the instructor. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces partial differential equations, how they arise in certain physical situations, and methods of solving them. Topics of study include the heat equation, the wave equation, Laplace's Equation, and Fourier Series with its applications to partial differential equations and boundary value problems. Additional topics may include Green's Functions, the Fourier Transform, the method of characteristics, dispersive waves, and perturbation methods.

Prerequisites
MATH 301 or equivalent with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Students learn about numerical solutions to linear systems; numerical linear algebra, polynomial approximations (interpolation and extrapolation); numerical differentiation and integration. Students also learn about error analysis and how to select appropriate algorithms for specific problems.

Prerequisites
MATH 280, 290, and CSCI 161 or equivalent. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is about how to find the best - or at least good - solutions to large problems frequently arising in business, industrial, or scientific settings. Students learn how to model these problems mathematically, algorithms for finding solutions to them, and the theory behind why the algorithms work. Topics include the simplex method, duality theory, sensitivity analysis, and network models. The focus is on linear models and models with combinatorial structure, but some nonlinear models are considered as well. Optimization software is used frequently.

Prerequisites
MATH 280, 290, and CSCI 161 or equivalent. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course entails study of the basic principles of combinatorial analysis. Topics include combinations, permutations, inclusion-exclusion, recurrence relations, generating functions, and graph theory. Additional material may be chosen from among the following topics: Latin squares, Hadamard matrices, designs, coding theory, and combinatorial optimization.

Prerequisites
MATH 290 with grade of C- or higher and MATH 300 with grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course entails the study of the properties of numbers, with emphasis on the positive integers. Topics include divisibility, factorization, congruences, prime numbers, arithmetic functions, quadratic residues, and Diophantine equations. Additional topics may include primitive roots, continued fractions, cryptography, Dirichlet series, binomial coefficients, and Fibonacci numbers.

Prerequisites
MATH 300 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course covers various cryptosystems and the number theory required to understand them. Topics include substitution ciphers, the Viegenere cipher, public-key cryptography, RSA, modular arithmetic, the Extended Euclidean algorithm, and Fermat's Little Theorem. Additional topics may include the Diffie-Hellman cryptosystem, the knapsack cryptosystem, the infinitude of primes, and techniques for finding large primes.

Prerequisites
MATH 300 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Building on the foundation of point-set topology, this course introduces more advanced topics in topology such as metric spaces, quotient spaces, covering spaces, homotopy, the fundamental group, mathematical knots, and manifolds.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 with grade of C- or higher and MATH 300 with grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is an introduction to the application of calculus and linear algebra to the geometry of curves and surfaces. Topics include the geometry of curves, Frenet formulas, tangent planes, normal vectors and orientation, curvature, geodesics, metrics, and isometries. Additional topics may include the Gauss-Bonnet Theorem, minimal surfaces, calculus of variations, and hyperbolic geometry. After completion, students will have the background to begin studying further mathematical and theoretical physics topics such as Riemannian geometry, differential topology, general relativity, and gauge theory. Students will additionally develop their mathematical intuition and ability to use calculations and proofs to verify theorems and solve problems.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 and 290 or equivalents, and MATH 300. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course covers advanced methods in applied statistics, beyond those of MATH 260. The analyses will be conducted using R, so students entering the course should already have a working knowledge of R. Topics may include generalized linear models, Bayesian statistics, time series analysis, categorical data analysis, and/or statistical graphics.

Prerequisites
MATH 260 with a grade of C- or higher, the equivalent, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides an introduction to the standard topics of probability theory, including probability spaces, random variables and expectations, discrete and continuous distributions, generating functions, independence, sampling distributions, laws of large numbers, and the central limit theorem. The course emphasizes modeling real-world phenomena throughout.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 and 290 or equivalents. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course introduces the theory of linear regression and uses it as a vehicle to investigate the mathematics behind applied statistics. The theory combines probability theory and linear algebra to arrive at commonly used results in statistics. The theory helps students understand the assumptions on which these results are based and decide what to do when these assumptions are not met, as is usually the case in applied statistics.

Prerequisites
MATH 375 or equivalent with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The calculus of functions with complex numbers as inputs and outputs has surprising depth and richness. The basic theory of these functions is developed in this course. The standard topics of calculus (function, limit, continuity, derivative, integral, series) are explored in this new context of complex numbers leading to some powerful and beautiful results. Applications include using conformal mappings to solve boundary-value problems for Laplace's equation.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course begins as a review and continuation of MATH 290. Topics covered include invariant subspaces, Jordan canonical form, and rational canonical forms of linear transformations. The remainder of the course is split between advanced topics and applications. Advanced topics include decompositions (such as the LU decomposition), principal axis theorem, alternate definitions of the determinant, singular values, and quadratic forms. Applications include topics such as least-squares fit, error-correcting codes, linear programming, physical problems employing eigenvalues, Markov chains, and secret sharing.

Prerequisites
MATH 290 with grade of C- or higher and MATH 300 with grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course allows students to explore mathematical topics beyond those covered in the standard mathematics curriculum. Some semester-long topics include combinatorics, number theory, numerical analysis, and topology. See the department website for further information on topics to be offered during the next two years, including the prerequisites for each topic. The course may be repeated on a different topic for credit. Prerequisites vary with topic.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is a study of the process of mathematical modeling as well as specific deterministic (both discrete and continuous) and stochastic models. Certain mathematical topics such as graph theory are developed as needed.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 and 290; MATH 375 recommended. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides a rigorous study of the theory behind calculus. The course begins with a study of the real numbers and then moves on to the core topics of limits, continuity, differentiation, integration, and series. The focus is on functions of one variable.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 with grade of C- or higher and MATH 300 with grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course continues the rigorous study of the theory behind calculus, focusing on scalar- and vector-valued functions of several variables. Additional topics may include differential geometry of curves and surfaces or vector calculus.

Prerequisites
MATH 280 or equivalent, MATH 300, and MATH 480. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course presents a rigorous study of abstract algebra, with an emphasis on writing proofs. Modern applications of abstract algebra to problems in chemistry, art, and computer science show this is a contemporary field in which important contributions are currently being made. Topics include groups, rings, integral domains, field theory, and the study of homomorphisms. Applications such as coding theory, public-key cryptography, crystallographic groups, and frieze groups may also be covered.

Prerequisites
MATH 290 with grade of C- or higher and MATH 300 with grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course continues the rigorous study of abstract algebra, with an emphasis on writing proofs. It continues where MATH 490 leaves off and may include topics such as extension fields and Galois theory.

Prerequisites
MATH 290, MATH 300, and MATH 490. All prerequisite courses must have been completed with a grade of C- or higher.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides a survey of the structure and function of the nervous system, neurophysiology, and sensorimotor systems, including examples of neuropathologies (e.g., spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, and Parkinson's disease). Students also explore selected topics in depth, such as motivation (e.g., eating and sexual behavior), memory processes, and clinical disorders (e.g., post traumatic stress, schizophrenia, and dementia).

Prerequisites
BIOL 111, OR BIOL 101 with permission of the instructor, OR permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course offers students an introduction to various methods in the field of Neuroscience. Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that spans a range of topics from basic biology to psychology to therapeutics in the clinical setting. This course provides a flavor of a few of the techniques used currently in the field of neurosciences and explore methods from historical, futuristic and ethical perspectives. Hands-on training on a range of methodologies with scope for independent projects is provided.

Prerequisites
NRSC 201.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course provides a capstone experience for students earning a Neuroscience Emphasis and is designed for senior undergraduates who have completed all other course requirements in the emphasis. This course offers students in the program the opportunity to explore and discuss more sophisticated theories and complex methods in neuroscience than was possible at the introductory level. This seminar features student-led discussions of advanced topics in the discipline, including nervous system organization, neurochemistry, brain plasticity, neural bases of learning and memory, diseases and injury of the nervous system, and neuropharmacology. Also includes evening presentations by guest experts.

Prerequisites
Senior neuroscience major or minor, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Neuroscience is a rapidly evolving field with new technologies and practices advancing yearly. In this course, experts in the field who are at the forefront of research in neuroscience teach in-depth current research and advanced technologies used for cutting-edge investigations and the future of neuroscience. Postdoctoral researchers from the University of Washington and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center team teach the course, offering insight into neuroscience within a highly advanced research context.

Prerequisites
NRSC 201.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A survey of descriptive and physical astronomy, which are given roughly equal emphasis. Descriptive astronomy involves time reckoning, calendars, and the motions of the sun, moon, and planets. Physical astronomy deals with the composition and origin of the planets and solar system, as well as the evolution of stars and galaxies. A weekly laboratory is required.

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is designed for any interested student regardless of major, although some majors require the calculus-based PHYS 121 course instead. Fundamental principles of mechanics, gravity, and oscillations are covered. Although it is assumed that the student brings only a background of high school algebra and geometry, additional mathematical concepts are developed within the course. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
Credit will not be granted to students who have received credit for PHYS 121.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is designed for any interested student regardless of major, although some majors require the calculus-based PHYS 122 course instead. Fundamental principles of thermodynamics, sound, optics, electricity, magnetism, and nuclear physics are covered. Although it is assumed that the student brings only a background of high school algebra and geometry, additional mathematical concepts are developed within the course. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
PHYS 111 or 121. Credit will not be granted to students who have completed PHYS 122.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is the first in a sequence of calculus-based introductory physics classes and is required for the physics major and some other science majors. Fundamental principles of mechanics, gravity, and oscillations are covered. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
MATH 180 or its equivalent (may be taken concurrently). Credit will not be granted to students who have completed PHYS 111.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is the second in a sequence of calculus-based introductory physics classes and is required for the physics major and some other science majors. Fundamental principles of thermodynamics, electricity, and magnetism are covered. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
PHYS 121 and MATH 181 (may be taken concurrently). Credit for PHYS 122 will not be granted to students who have completed PHYS 112.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is intended primarily for students having some background in music. The scientific aspects of musical sound are treated including the basic physics of vibrating systems, wave phenomena, and acoustics and their applications to musical instruments and musical perception. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
A solid knowledge of musical intervals and scales, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Astrophysics is the application of the laws and principles of physics to answer questions about the cosmos. This course develops the physics necessary to understand the origins, properties, and evolution of planets, stars and galaxies as well as investigating the application of physics to questions of cosmological significance. The semester is divided between studying the theoretical tools astrophysicists have developed and using those tools with several small hands-on archival data analysis tutorials. Each student will end the semester by completing an individual observational or theoretical research project.

Prerequisites
PHYS 121/122 and MATH 180/181 or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

The physics of waves is studied with emphasis on the nature of light, including propagation, interference, diffraction, and polarization. The constant speed of light leads to a careful study of the theory of special relativity. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
PHYS 122 and MATH 280 (may be taken concurrently).
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

A continuation of PHYS 221, this course is an introduction to quantum mechanics with applications to atomic and solid state systems. A weekly laboratory is required.

Prerequisites
PHYS 221.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is intended to teach the fundamental behavior of electronic components and their applications in various circuits. A balance of lecture and laboratory experience demonstrates the practical method of investigation of electronic devices. Original design of electronic circuits is emphasized. Topics include AC and DC circuit analysis, amplifiers, active and passive filters, operational amplifiers, and digital electronics.

Prerequisites
PHYS 112 or 122.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This introduction to mechanics begins with the formulation of Newton, based on the concept of forces and ends with the formulations of Lagrange and Hamilton, based on energy. The undamped, damped, forced, and coupled oscillators are studied in detail.

Prerequisites
PHYS 122 and MATH 301 (may be taken concurrently), or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Newtonian mechanics and methods of probability are combined and used to gain new insights regarding the behavior of systems containing large numbers of particles. The concept of entropy is given new meaning and beauty. Certain properties of metals and gases are derived from first principles. The analysis of spectra leads to the initial development of the quantum theory and the statistics obeyed by fundamental particles. This course assumes a knowledge of calculus.

Prerequisites
PHYS 305 and MATH 280 or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

An introduction to experimental physics, involving independent work on several physical systems.

Prerequisites
PHYS 221 or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Theory of electrostatic and magnetostatic fields is discussed, with emphasis on the theory of potential, harmonic functions, and boundary value problems.

Prerequisites
PHYS 122, MATH 280, and MATH 301 (may be taken concurrently).
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This is a continuation of PHYS 351, emphasizing radiation, the propagation of electromagnetic waves, and the theory of special relativity.

Prerequisites
PHYS 351.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course explores the principles of physics applied to living systems. Topics include diffusion, hydrodynamics and the low Reynolds-number world, importance of entropy and free energy, entropic forces, molecular machines, membranes, and nerve impulses. Written and oral scientific communication is emphasized. This course is appropriate for junior or senior undergraduates in the sciences, particularly physics and biology. No specialized knowledge of biology or physics is expected, but a facility with algebraic manipulations and a working knowledge of calculus is needed.

Prerequisites
Math 180 and Physics 111 or 121; and either BIOL 212 or a 300-level course in Biology or Physics; or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This course is an introduction to the quantum theory of matter. The emphasis is on exactly soluble systems including the infinite square well, harmonic oscillator, and hydrogen atom. The theory of angular momentum is also discussed.

Prerequisites
PHYS 305, PHYS 351, MATH 290, and MATH 301, or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This is a continuation of Physics 411. The emphasis is on achieving perturbative solutions to real physical systems. Topics may include time-independent and dependent perturbation theory, the WKB method, a discussion of the interaction between light and matter, and scattering.

Prerequisites
PHYS 411, or permission of instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

Advanced topics in mechanics, optics, quantum mechanics, or other fields are studied. This course is offered in response to student interest in particular advanced topics.

Prerequisites
PHYS 305 and 351 or permission of the instructor.
Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives

This scheduled weekly interdisciplinary seminar provides the context to reflect on concrete experiences at an off-campus internship site and to link these experiences to academic study relating to the political, psychological, social, economic and intellectual forces that shape our views on work and its meaning. The aim is to integrate study in the liberal arts with issues and themes surrounding the pursuit of a creative, productive, and satisfying professional life. Students receive 1.0 unit of academic credit for the academic work that augments their concurrent internship fieldwork. This course is not applicable to the Upper-Division Graduation Requirement. Only 1.0 unit may be assigned to an individual internship and no more than 2.0 units of internship credit, or internship credit in combination with co-operative education credit, may be applied to an und

Requirement(s) fulfilled
Natural Scientific and Mathematical Perspectives